Thomas Collelo, ed. Lebanon: A Country Study. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress,
1987.
Acknowledgments
Preface
History
ANCIENT TIMES
The Phoenicians
Assyrian Rule
Babylonian Rule and the Persian Empire
Alexander the Great
The Seleucid Dynasty
THE ARAB PERIOD
The Arab Conquest
The Umayyads
The Abbasids
Impact of Arab Rule
The Crusades
The Mamluks
OTTOMAN RULE
The Maans
The Shihabs
Religious Conflicts
WORLD WAR I
The French Mandate
World War II and Independence
INDEPENDENT LEBANON
The Khuri Era
The Shamun Era
President Shihab
The Hilu Era
The Franjiyah Era
The Civil War
The Sarkis Administration
Geography
Land
Climate
Rivers and Lakes
The Society
POPULATION
Migration
War and Displacement in Beirut
The Palestinian Element
SECTARIANISM
Lebanese Confessional Societies
Sectarian and Clan Consciousness
RELIGION
Tenets of Islam
Sunni
Twelver or Imami Shias
Ismailis
Alawis
Druzes
Maronites
Greek Catholics
Roman Catholics
Greek Orthodox
Jacobites
Armenian Orthodox or Gregorian
Assyrian or Nestorian Church
Protestants
Jews
LANGUAGES
STRUCTURE OF SOCIETY
The Family
Gender Roles
Marriage
Child-Rearing Practices
Impact of War on the Family
LIVING CONDITIONS
Prewar Conditions
Wartime Conditions
EDUCATION
HEALTH
THE ECONOMY
RECENT ECONOMIC HISTORY
Civil War and Partial Recovery, 1974-82
Invasion and Trauma, 1982-87
AGRICULTURE
INDUSTRY
The State of Industry
Cement
Government
THE BASIS OF GOVERNMENT
The Constitution
The National Pact
Zuama Clientelism
The President
The Prime Minister and the Cabinet
The Legislature
The Judiciary
The Bureaucracy
POLITICAL PARTIES
Phalange Party
National Liberal Party
Lebanese Forces
Amal
Hizballah
Islamic Amal
Islamic Grouping
Union of Muslim Ulama
Independent Nasserite Movement
Progressive Socialist Party
Armenian Parties
Kurdish Parties
Lebanese Communist Party
Syrian Socialist Nationalist Party
Organization of Communist Action
FOREIGN RELATIONS
Syria
Israel
Palestinians
Iran
United States
Bibliography
Country Studies Index
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