Glenn E. Curtis, ed. Turkmenistan: A Country Study. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress, 1996.

History
Origins and Early History
Formation of the Turkmen Nation
Incorporation into Russia
Soviet Turkmenistan
Sovereignty and Independence

Geography
Climate
Rivers
Environment

Society
National Traditions
Social Structure
The Spoken Language
The Written Language
Population
Religion
Education
Health
Welfare

The Economy
Natural Resources
Agriculture
Industry
Labor
Economic Structure
Privatization
Foreign Trade

Government
Centers of Political Power
Government Structure
Political Parties
Human Rights
Foreign Policy
Foreign Relations Issues
The United States
Western Europe
Asian Neighbors
CIS Relations
Caspian Sea Issues

Bibliography

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